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  • Isingeniso sokwahlukaniswa kwesihlungo molecular

Isingeniso sokwahlukaniswa kwesihlungo molecular

Ukufanisa

Ama-molecule wezinto ezahlukene ahlukaniswa ngokubaluleka nosayizi we-adsorption, ngakho-ke isithombe sibizwa ngokuthi "isihlungo se-moleculalalalar".

Isihlungo se-molecular (esaziwa nangokuthi i-zoolite sokwenziwa) iyi-microporous crystal ebumba. Kuyisisekelo sesakhiwo esiyisisekelo esihlanganiswe nge-silicon alimainate, ngezizwe zensimbi (ezifana ne-NA +, K +, CA2 +, njll.) Ukulinganisa inkokhiso engeqile kwikristalu. Uhlobo lwesihlungo se-molecular luhlukaniswe ngokukhethekile luhlobo luhlobo, uhlobo lwe-X nohlobo ngokuya ngesakhiwo sekristalu.

Ifomula yamakhemikhali yamaseli we-zeolite:

 I-MX / N [Alo.2) x (sio.2) y] wh.2O.

MX / N :.

 I-Cation Ion, Ukugcina I-Crystal kagesi engathathi hlangothi

(Alo2) x (sio2) y:

 Amathambo amakristalu e-zeolite, anezimo ezahlukahlukene zezimbobo neziteshi

H2O:

 Umphunga wamanzi we-adsorbed wandled

Izici:

 Ama-adsorption amaningi kanye ne-demorption kungenziwa
Thayipha isihlungo se-molecular

Ingxenye eyinhloko yohlobo isihlungo se-molecular i-silicon ihlangana.

I-Crystal Hole eyi-Octaring yi-Octaring SAHGRE.U-ALTERTULULE WAMAHHALA WE-CRTSTAL ALTERTURE ngu-4Å (1Å-10m), owaziwa ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-4a (eyaziwa nangokuthi uhlobo lwe-Type A) i-moleculal isihlungo;
Shintshanisa i-CA2 + nge-NA + esihluthulelo se-4a molecular, yakha i-apertilu ye-5A, okungukuthi uhlobo lwe-5a (aka calcium a) isihlungo moleculal;
I-K + ngesihlungo se-4a molelisalar, yakha i-apertilu ye-3A, okungukuthi i-3a potassium a) isihlungo se-moleculal.

 
Thayipha x molelisalar isihlungo

Ingxenye eyinhloko yesixazululo se-X molecular i-silicon alimainate, i-main crystal hole yisakhiwo sendandatho se-elemento.
Isakhiwo se-crystal ehlukile sakha ikristalu ye-molecular enesihlungo esinobuhlakani be-9-10 a, ebizwa nge-13x (eyaziwa nangokuthi uhlobo lwe-sodium x) isihlungo se-moleculal;

I-CA2 + ishintshaniswa nge-NA + esihluthulelo se-13x molecular, yakha ikristalu yangokoqobo nge-aperture ka-8-9 a, ibizwa nge-10x (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-calcium X) isihlungo se-moleculal.

 

Thayipha isihlungo se-molecular

I-Molecular Sueve

Thayipha x molelisalar isihlungo

I-Molecular Sueve

Isicelo

I-adsorption yezinto ezibonakalayo ivela e-adsorption ye-adsorption (ama-vander Waals force), enezinkundla eziqinile ze-polarity kanye nama-couloms ngaphakathi emgodini waso we-crystal, ekhombisa amandla aqinile ama-adsorpl ama-polar molecule (njengama-molecule angafakwanga.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-aperture kwesihlungo se-molecular kufana kakhulu, futhi izinto kuphela ezinobubanzi obuncane kunobubanzi bembobo bangangena emgodini we-crystal ngaphakathi kwesihlungo se-moleculal ngaphakathi kwesihlungo se-molecular.

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